Characteristics of Architectural Compositions and Technologies of the Architectural Structures in Koguryo Dynasty

First of all, the architectural structures were strong, because they were built with stones.

Next, the architectural structures were securely built on the basis of the excellent mechanical calculation of the Koguryo people.

The wooden bridge over the River Taedong was an evidence of the excellent bridge construction development, as its foundation frame was elaborately and firmly built and its size was very large.

This wooden bridge which consisted of upper part for traffic and lower part for transportation was built with the high level of architectural mechanic technology of Koguryo people. The main frames of the bridge were built with the squarely trimmed wooden timbers.

These timber beams were laid in three rows to connect both sides, transverse and accessory frame timbers were laid between the frames, and pads were put over them to create the top part of the bridge for traffic.

And then, structures were combined and assembled with high-level technology.

Characteristics of Compulsory Labor Draft in Koryo Dynasty

First, we can discuss the compulsory labor draft of the ruled class. The ruled class in Koryo dynasty included commoners, Hyang, So, Pugokmin, slaves, and the like.

Commoners were the main objects of exploitation of the feudal state, of which majority was peasants, and there were other classes of handicraftsmen and "ower" laborers.

Hyang, So, and Pugokmin were the lower laborers treated discriminatingly by the feudal rulers than commoners, and they were imposable objects of the compulsory labor draft.

Slaves were the lowest-class people and they were classified into public, private, wandering slaves, etc. according to their belonging.

Next, let's discuss the compulsory labor draft of the ruling class. The ruling class in Koryo dynasty included the royal family members, aristocrats, local officers, Buddhist priests, etc.

The royal family members, the highest privileged class, were exempted from all burdens of state, including the compulsory labor draft, even when the relations with the king were very distant.

Aristocrats had various social privileges including ones to become a bureaucrat of a feudal state, and most of them were the feudal landlords with a large area of land and slaves who exploited and oppressed the popular masses.

Local officers were the native public officials of the country and exploiters who directly carried out feudal rule of the state.

Buddhist priests were not the objects of compulsory labour draft and received the special treatment from the feudal state of Koryo dynasty, because the feudal state established Buddhism as its main ruling idea.

Owing to the reason that the priests were given the preferential treatment from the feudal state, so many commoners, slaves and even local officers tried to become monks to get rid of feudal exploitation including compulsory labor draft.

Expansion and Severity of Slave-Owner's Economy in Ancient Joson

First, the slave-owner's economy was expanded, eroding the peasant economy of the private sector.

The small peasant economy was a form of economy based on the property of small peasants on the land, the means of production, meaning that the economy can conduct independent production and management activities on its own based on the means of production, i.e. private ownership of the land.

In our country, where land had been the basic means of production, the peasant economy of the self-employed peasants had become a major form of economy representing the form of ownership.

The small peasant economy was a small-peasant economy based on the form of small peasant land ownership.

Next, the slave-owner's economy was expanded by eroding the community economy.

The community economy was based on the common ownership of land, in which its management was conducted on the distribution of the land to the families of each unit, making it possible to produce it by itself and to pay a certain amount of the harvest to the community.

The process of erosion decomposition of the community economy in slavery society was carried out in two stages.

In the first step the community economy was eroded and disintegrated by imposing a heavy payment system by the slave-owner class to the communities already integrated into the state government system.

The second stage was the process of the disintegration of the community, and the reorganization of the eroded community economy, which was absorbed by the slave-owner economy.

If You Use a Mobile Phone When Lightning Strikes

A man, allegedly, had a short call on his mobile phone when the lightning struck. The liquid crystal surface of his mobile phone was blown up.

Another man who had a mobile phone around his neck was struck by lightning and killed.

Researchers refer that this is because the electromagnetic waves that are generated during the operation of a mobile phone "catch the thunderstorm".

Public places are considered relatively safe because they are all equipped with lightning arresters, but in places without lightning arresters (fields, seas, etc.), people and mobile phones are exposed to the ground surface, so that mobile phone can be the discharging medium of the cloud.

If you turn on your phone when lightning strikes, your mobile phone will easily get the lightning. So it's better to turn off your mobile phone when lightning strikes.

Inheritance to Palhae Dynasty from Koguryo Dynasty in Terms of the Head Ornaments

Inheritance to Palhae dynasty from Koguryo dynasty can be understood first through the ornamental decoration of the ornamental headgear. The three-strand ornamental decoration in headgear at the Palhae dynasty remains was the same as that of the Koguryo remains, and if there was anything else, the design and decoration techniques were only slightly different. Next, it can be found in earrings. The first-created big circle earrings in Koguryo dynasty was inherited to Palhae dynasty.

Continuity can then be found in the rod hairpin. The fact that two-strand hairpin in forked shape and "U" hairpins in Koguryo period and it also can be found in that in the Palhae dynasty period also shows that the two-strand hairpins were widely used for hair-dressing of the Koguryo people were inherited to Palhae dynasty.

Effects of Drinking Honeyed Water on an Empty Stomach

1. Improves digestion

Honey promotes gastric fluid production, which helps to digest food well. It also helps to prevent constipation by having a mild diarrheal effect.

2. Strengthens the immune system

Honey is rich in minerals, antioxidants and vitamins that strengthen the immune system.

Drinking honeyed water regularly can help the body cope with infectious agents and diseases.

3. Detoxifies

Honeyed water helps to release harmful substances out of the body.

Honey irritates the liver to purify blood and remove harmful substances.

This can improve overall state of health and energy levels.

4. Improves skin condition

Antioxidants in honey can alleviate inflammation and improve skin condition by preventing acne formation.

Honey also has moisture properties, making the skin softer and smoother.

5. Lowers weight

Even though honey is a sweet substance/food, it can help you to control your weight.

Honey helps to control blood glucose levels and relieves the desire to eat sweets.

Drinking honeyed water on an empty stomach can help to promote metabolism and burn fat.

6. Improves the state of cardiovascular system

Honey lowers the risk of developing heart disease by helping to lower the level of harmful cholesterol levels and to raise beneficial ones.

7. Releases fatigue and improves mood

Honey, a natural energy substance, is rapidly absorbed to the blood and provides energy to the body.

It also helps to relieve fatigue and improves mood, as it contains substances that promote the production of the euphoric hormone serotonin.

Characteristics of Koguryo Carts in Tomb Murals

First, the structures of the Koguryo carts were diverse and their shapes were unique. Diverse structural features of the Koguryo carts can be found in the roof structures of the carts. They were classified into curved, round and straight roofs according to their shapes.

Curved roof was a typical one of the Koguryo cart, where anterior and posterior parts of the rectangular roofing were curved at a certain angle and had a slight slope to enhance the shading effect on the cart. Also characteristic of the shape of the Koguryo cart was a dome-shaped roof on its sides.

Second, the cow-cart was dominant.

Third, the Koguryo cart is a single-person cart, which was capable of carrying only one person.

Some Advantages of Apple Peels for Our Health

Some apple peels contain more antioxidants than flesh. It is known that this substance prevents the risk of developing chronic diseases and maintains brain health.

Unpeeled apples;

• Include antioxidants

Normal intake of antioxidants prevents the risk of developing chronic diseases, alleviates inflammation, and delays physiological aging.

• Include dietary fiber.

Dietary fiber prevents the risk of developing metabolic syndrome that promotes the development of heart disease, stroke, and type II diabetes.

• Maintain hormone balance.

Chlorophyll in apple peel protects the organism from compounds that result in chronic inflammation. In fact, this study was only conducted in animal experiments. Clinical trials are needed to confirm the results.

• Improve brain health.

Apple peel helps the body to cope with inflammation. Inflammation of the brain can increase the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and stroke.

• Have anticancer effects.

Antioxidants in apple peels prevent the incidence of cancer, minimize cell damage due to oxidative stress, and restore body balance.

Weakening of Privileges in Aristocrats' Status and its Factors from the Standpoint of Their Attire in the Latter Half of the Feudal Joson Dynasty

Weakening of the aristocrats' privileges in their attire can be found in the fact that not only some people of the intermediary class and official clerks but also some of the ruled class wore the ordinary clothes of the aristocratic class.

It became not uncommon that some people of the ruled class and even servants were wearing gentlemen's robes, light outercoat, silk clothes, and the like, resulting in that the classical privilege of the ruling class was gradually weakened. Weakening of classical privilege of the ruling class can also be found in the use of their headgears and shoes at that time.

In the latter half of the feudal Joson dynasty, not only some people of the ruled class but also even servants were wearing leather shoes of the bureaucrats of the aristocrats. Also at that time rich people of the ruled class or even servants wore the personal ornaments of the nobles.

Feudal officials were not content with the weakening of their classical privilege, including the use of the personal ornaments, and appealed to the king on several occasions. They even suggested that they should inflict severe punishments to those wearing inappropriate personal ornaments.

Initial Signs of Dementia and Foods Preventing its Incidence

Some people think that dementia is like Alzheimer's disease. In fact, dementia is symptoms and consequence of various diseases. It is caused by blood supply disorders to the brain, brain trauma, Parkinson's disease, and damaged genes inherited from parents, etc.

History of stroke, hypertension, obesity, and cranial trauma are associated with an increased incidence of dementia.

Some of the initial signs of dementia are as follows.

1. Memory disorders: One often forgets names of relatives and friends, dates, and his/her own address. One can't put things in place and find anything later.

2. Speech disorder: One often forgets simple words and doesn't know synonyms.

3. Cognition disorder: One, in spite of great age, can regard himself/herself as a young person.

4. Decline of mood: Decreased concentration and attention can also be considered as early signs of dementia.

Foods that prevent the incidence of dementia are primarily fat fishes and nuts.

The ω-3 fatty acids in these foods are good for brain health. The antioxidative blueberries improve memory, while quinoa helps to maintain stable blood glucose levels and enhance cognitive function. Green vegetables, especially spinach, are rich in minerals and vitamins that are beneficial to brain function.